Even what are known as clonal (genetically identical) microbial populations are intrinsically heterogeneous. In the biotechnology industry, this heterogeneity affects the yield and reproducibility of bioprocesses based on the use of microorganisms. To solve this problem, the Single Cells project aims to develop an innovative system for monitoring microbial heterogeneity in bioprocesses in real time, as well as a tool to keep problematic microbial subpopulations under control. The combined expertise of the different partners involved in the project will lead to a better control of bioprocesses thanks to the developed tool, and thus finished products of superior quality.